Archivos para 15/01/09

Answer to the third debate.

Publicado 15 Enero 2009 Ist , Littera Deja un Comentario
Tags: ,

A markup language is an artificial language that uses a set of annotations to text that give information about the structure of the text or how it must be displayed. There are more than one markup language but, probably, the most popular ones are the HTML and the XML because of their massive use in the World Wide Web. Both of them have its origin in the SGML but after analysing them we can find some differences:

  1. The XML (eXtensive Markup Language), developed by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), it is a language conceived to ‘describe’ information. The main aim of XML is to help us organizing contents, what makes it also recommendable and portable to other types of applications. By contrast, the HTML (HyperText Markup Language), developed by Berners-Lee in 1991, was conceived to ’show’ information. Its main function is to help us giving contents a format and present them through a navigator.
  2. Another special characteristic of the XML is that it is an open language. When we are working with the XML markup language we are allowed to create and determine our own tags and document structures. By contrast, with the HTML all tags have been predefined by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C).
  3. In the XML markup language each one of the tags always executes the same function so it is important to respect them. Besides, XML tags are considered ‘case sensitive’, what means, for instance, that it is not the same to write <B> or <b>. For all these reasons, the XML markup language is helping us to be more organized because due to the great tolerance of navigators, markup languages were gradually becoming a bit chaotic.

Nowadays, the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) is working on the XTHML (eXtensive HyperText Markup Language) to integrate in one system the benefits of the XML and HTML at the same time.

References:

Group members: Javier Basterrechea, Saioa Batiz, Adrián Cadenas, Andrea Díaz, Yera Espinosa, Iraia Eizmendi (Group B)

Answer to the second debate.

Publicado 15 Enero 2009 Ist , Littera Deja un Comentario
Tags:

Orality is a verbal expression used when writing and printing were unknown at all. Studies of oral tradition and orality are pretty much connected. However, orality also touches some other aspects such as political and economial. According to Walter J. Ong, there are two types of orality:

  • Primary orality: This refers to those cultures that didn’t have any knowledge of writing.
  • Secondary orality: It refers to a much more advanced culture, which used to have kowledge of writing. Moreover, it became the medium of memory.

We might find interesting the researches made by Walter J. Ong. Gathered at W. J. Ong [1982] Orality and literacy: Technologizing of the word as well as some words at E. A. Havelock [1986] The muse learns to write.

About writing we can say that it is the representation of a language through some different signs drawn on something, normally engraved. The first writing evidences go back to 4000 b.c but it has been in a non stop developing through the years. Nowadays, it is known that it has been in two different ways along:

  • expressed by ideas.
  • represented by sounds.

In spite of that, nowadays hypermedias, which is a more extended word for hypertext, are becoming more common. It consist of adding videos, graphics, audio… for what we used to write, so that they give the chance of interancting with users.

This way, hypermedia enable us, for instance, to build multisensory texts; words can now be explained by hyperlinked videos in what we could consider an example of secondary orality. Besides, new phenomena like electronic literature, written literary texts thought to be read on the screen, have recently appeared, widening the possibilities of human information transmission. And this is just the beginning.

Group Members: Javier Basterrechea, Yera Espinosa, Saioa Batiz, Adrián Cadenas, Andrea Díaz, Iraia Eizmendi (Group B)

Answer to the first debate: Kevin kelly’s description of the web.

Publicado 15 Enero 2009 Ist , Littera Deja un Comentario
Tags: , , , ,

Kevin Kelly, author that we have been studying in class and editor of Wired magazine, has recently talked about the first five thousand days of the Web in an informal meeting at the EG 2007 Conference, where he, also, shared with all of us through a revealing video his main thoughts about how he thinks the future of the Web will be. Summing up, we could say that Kelly announces three main changes in the evolution of the Web:

  • An increasing contribution of users
  • The ’semantic’ Web
  • The AI of the Machine

Let’s analyze these improvements carefully. In first place, according to Kelly, users are going to make the Web more capable somehow. We will be able to provide the Web up-to-date information, data, photos…We will take a more active part in ‘building’ the Web. The Wikipedia, weblogs, or wikis, for instance, are good examples of this movement. We are gradually widenning the senses and abilities of the Machine.

In second place, Kevin Kelly talks about what he calls the ’semantic’ Web. In his opinion, we are going to stop linking pages and we are going to begin linking ideas and concepts. These hyperlinked ideas and the optimization of search engines that Web 2.0 bring us will be extremelly beneficial, allowing us to surf a network of connected thoughts.

In third place, Kelly reflects on the AI of the Machine and its possibilities. He believes that in the future the Web will be smarter, more intelligent…, that the Web will offer a wider range of services, that the Web will know us, and, consequently, that it will be much more personalized.

Kevin Kelly, digital culture expert, reaches to the conclusion that the next five thousand days of the Web are not going to be just a better Web, but a whole renewed, reinvented and different Web.

References:

Kevin Kelly. ¿Cómo serán los próximos 5.000 días de la Web? (2008, August 21) In Microsiervos. Retrieved 20:01, November 13, 2008, from
http://www.microsiervos.com/archivo/tecnologia/kevin-kelly-5000-dias-web.html

Web 2.0. (2008, November 13). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 20:02, November 13, 2008, from
http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Web_2.0&oldid=251590110

What is Web 2.0. (2005, September 30). In O’reilly. Retrieved 20:04, November 13, 2008, from
http://www.oreillynet.com/pub/a/oreilly/tim/news/2005/09/30/what-is-web-20.html

Web 1.0. (2008, November 9). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 20:16, November 13, 2008, from
http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Web_1.0&oldid=250642401


Group members: Javier Basterrechea, Saioa Batiz, Adrián Cadenas, Andrea Díaz and Iraia Eizmendi

Calendar

Enero 2009
V S D L M X J
« Nov   Feb »
 1
2345678
9101112131415
16171819202122
23242526272829
3031  

Categorías

About

RSS RSS: Planet Littera

  • CITEULIKE ETA GOOGLE BOOKS 29 Diciembre 2009
    Markaketa lengoaien erabileran gehiago sakontzeko erreferentziak eta liburu interesgarriak aipatu ditugu CiteUlike-en eta Google Books-en. Bi zerbitzu hauen nondik norakoak azalduko dizkizuet artikulu honetan. CiteUlike erreferentzia akademikoak kudeatu eta aurkitzeko doako zerbitzua da. Web-ean interesatzen zaigun artikulu bat ikusten badugu gure liburutegi […]
  • The Blog: A new way of writing 29 Diciembre 2009
    Nowadays, the digital tools are more important than those who are not.  Using digital tool allows us to do much more movements, since they are in the net we can modify them constantly or add information when we want to. One of these new tools is known as blog. But what is a blog? “A blog is a Web site shaped [...]
  • The Hypertext 29 Diciembre 2009
    The original idea of hypertext owes to Vannevar Bush, when in 1945, in his article ” Seize we may think “, describes the MEMEX device in which: ” A  person stores his or her books, annotations, records and communications, and this collection of information is mechanized so that he or she can be consulted with high [...]
  • New era of publication: blogs 27 Diciembre 2009
    Every Internet user is aware of the existence of the blogs. Their use has been growing since the beginning of the new millennium. People seem to use it for many different purposes such as personal blogs, political or even academic.  This blog actually is academic. At the beginning the blogs were written manually and the HTML [...]
  • CiteULike, GoogleBooks & GoogleReader (A6) 26 Diciembre 2009
    With regard to CiteULike, it is a free online service, which has as a purpose to organize academic publications. Nowadays, it is run by Oversity; however, it has not always been like that since it was created in the year 2004. This system is commonly known as the first Web-based social bookmarking tool created for meeting [...]
  • Ediciones críticas 24 Diciembre 2009
    La edición crítica es aquella que compara las ediciones anteriores, corrige errores, hace comentarios, críticas y todo lo pertinente con respecto a la obra a tratar. Una edición crítica es, como se sabe, un cruzamiento reiterado, tenaz y puntual del ancho campo cubierto por un escritor considerable. […]   Una edición crítica es el hombre y su [...] […]
  • Tipos de edición 24 Diciembre 2009
    Tipos de edición Los  tipos de edición se diferencian gracias a los siguientes aspectos:    ● La  metodología que se sigue para obtener el texto final    ● Las soluciones adoptadas en el tratamiento de los aspectos formales 1.1  Ediciones según el tratamiento de aspectos formales: Se debe tener en cuenta el   tratamiento de los aspectos formales del texto, [ […]
  • Edición Digital 24 Diciembre 2009
    Estamos viviendo una época de transición en a que pasamos de la letra impresa a la digital, aunque todavía queda tiempo para que esta última se asiente, el cambio ya está aquí, mientras los dos tipos de letra coexisten. La edición digital se está abriendo cada vez más camino en el mundo de la tecnología y [...]